GRADE OF CONCRETE , concrete grade table , concrete grade for slab, concrete grades and mix ratio pdf , types of concrete ,concrete grade 20 ,

 GRADE OF CONCRETE AS PER IS CODE 

The clause states ''the concrete is normally a gain of strength beyound 28 days the quantum of increase depend upon the grade and type of cemnt ,curing etc .the design should be based on 28 days characterstic strength of concrete unless there is an evidence to justify  a higher strength for a particular structure due to age .

in simple language ,the strength of the concrete ,the minimum strength the concrete should have 28 days of initial construction . 

                    M                stands for Mix

                 15,20           stands for number compressive strength of concrete in N/mm2  

Group

grade of concrete are divide in three parts Ordinary concrete,Standard concrete , High strength concrete.

Many research workers have attempted to estimate the strength of concrete at 1 , 3 or 7 days and correlate it to 28 days strength .

Grade of concrete use for slab 

⦁ Genrally  M 10 and M 15 grades of concrete are used for leveling course ,footing etc

⦁    standard concrete M 20 is applicable for reinforced cement concrete works for coloumns , beams , slab etc. moreover, the high strength concrete has its application for high rise building and some bridges .

GRADE OF CONCRETE , concrete grade table ,  concrete grade for slab,   concrete grades and mix ratio pdf , types of concrete  ,concrete grade 20 

ਦੇਖੋ ਇੱਕ ਬਿਸਵਾ ਕਿੰਨੇ ਫੁੱਟ ਦਾ ,ਇੱਕ ਕਨਾਲ ਦੇ ਫੁੱਟ land measurement in punjab calculator 1 marla to square feet in punjab 1 killa land price in punjab

 ਦੇਖੋ ਇੱਕ ਬਿਸਵਾ ਕਿੰਨੇ ਫੁੱਟ ਦਾ ,ਇੱਕ ਕਨਾਲ ਦੇ ਫੁੱਟ

\ਅੱਜ ਦੀ ਅਸੀਂ ਆਪਣੀ ਇਸ ਪੋਸਟ ਵਿੱਚ ਦੱਸਾਗੇ ਕਿ ਅਸੀਂ ਆਪਣੀ ਜਮੀਨ ਦੀ ਮਿਣਤੀ ਕਿਸ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਕਰ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਾਂ ਅੱਜ ਕੱਲ ਦੀ ਪੀੜੀ ਲਈ ਬਹੁਤ ਜਰੂਰੀ ਹੈ । 

ਸਾਨੂੰ ਪਤਾ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਜਰੀਬ ਕਿੰਨੇ ਫੁੱਟ ਦੀ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ ?

ਇੱਕ ਏਕੜ 'ਚ ਕਿੰਨੇ ਫੁੱਟ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ ?

ਇੱਕ ਵਿਸਵਾਂ ਚ ਕਿੰਨੇ ਕਨਾਲ ਹੁੰਦੇ ?

ਇਹਨਾਂ ਦੇਸੀ ਮਿਣਤੀ ਦੀ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਹੋਣੀ ਬਹੁਤ ਜ਼ਰੂਰੀ ਹੈ।

ਇੱਕ ਏਕਡ਼ :- 8 ਕਨਾਲ , 160 ਮਰਲੇ , 96 ਵਿ ਸਵੇ ,

4.8 ਵਿੱਘਾ , 1440 ਵ : ਫੁੱਟ

ਇੱਕ ਵਿਸਵਾ :- 50 ਵ : ਗਜ , 15 ਵ : ਕਰਮ , 

1.660 ਮਰਲੇ , 453.75 ਵ : ਫੁੱਟ 

ਇੱਕ ਕਨਾਲ :- 5445 ਵ : ਫੁੱਟ , 180 ਵ : ਕਰਮ 

20 ਮਰਲੇ , 12 ਵਿਸਵੇ 

ਇੱਕ ਵਿੱਘਾ :- 9075 ਵ : ਫੁੱਟ , 300 ਵ : ਕਰਮ ,

33.3 ਮਰਲੇ , 20 ਵਿਸਵੇ 

ਇੱਕ ਮਰਲਾ :- 272.25 ਵ : ਫੁੱਟ , 9 ਵ : ਕਰਮ 

30 ਵ : ਗਜ , 0.6 ਵਿਸਵੇ 

ਇੱਕ ਗਜ :- 0.91 ਮੀਟਰ 

ਇੱਕ ਮੀਟਰ :- 1.09 ਗਜ 

ਇੱਕ ਕਰਮ :- 5 ਫੁੱਟ 6 ਇੰਚ

ਜਰੀਬ ਦੀ ਲੰਬਾਈ :- 55 ਫੁੱਟ , 10 ਕਰਮ , 

16.76 ਮੀਟਰ , 18.32 ਗਜ 

ਅਸੀ ਉਮੀਦ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਾਂ ਕਿ ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਸਾਡੀ ਪੋਸਟ ਚੰਗੀ ਲੱਗੀ ਹੋਵੇਗੀ ਜੇਕਰ ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਸਾਡੀ ਪੋਸਟ ਚੰਗੀ ਲੱਗੀ ਤਾਂ ਸਾਨੂੰ SUBSCRIBE ਜਰੂਰ ਕਰੋ । 

ਇਹ ਦੇਸੀ ਮਿਣਤੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਪਣੇ ਰਾਜ ਤੋਂ ਦੂਜੇ ਰਾਜ ਦੀ ਮਿਣਤੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਅੰਤਰ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ।

Construction Cost of 1000 sq ft house

Construction Cost of 1000 sq ft house

      Rate - 1400 sq ft (for normal house )

          luxury -  1500/2200 sq ft 

                                   1400 x 1000 =14,00000/- rs 

1) Labour cost - 25%      = 3,50,000/

2) Brick work - 12%      = 1,68,000

3) Cement cost - 13%  = 1,82,000

4) Steel - 10%  =  1,40,000

5) Door or window - 12%  = 1,68,000

6) Electric work - 8%  = 1,12,000

7) Sand and Aggrigate - 5%  = 70,000

8) Water and severage work - 12%  = 1,68,000

9) Extra - 3%   = 42,000

  total cost = 14,00000/-

WHY SUGAR ARE ADDED IN CONCRETE

WHY SUGAR ARE ADDED IN CONCRETE

Sugar is actually a well known 'retardant of concrete and often used to help adjust the setting times especially in emergencies,some transmit mixer transporting RMC gets stuck in the mid of traffic for a long time then what will be remedy in avoiding concrete from getting set . ...in the case of sugar the setting process is slowed down 

                  In simple terms ,it based on glucose catalytic principle. according to this formula the surface of sugar has strong polarity it results in solid adsorption thus it hinders the crystal contact and calcium silicate hydrates reaction. 

 Results based on test 

⦁ sugar like glucose ,raffinose act as good retarders.

⦁ the addition of OPC would give retardation of 4 hrs 

⦁ the amount of sugar that should be used to keep concrete from fully hardening ranges from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of cement .

How to check brick work in building construction ?

How to check brick work in building construction ?

what to check in brick work ?

⦁ The face joint should be raked to depth of 15 to 18 mm by raking tool when the mortar is still green so as to providing proper key for plaster  .
⦁ check that the brick work is in plumb.
⦁ all brick shall be thoroughly soaked in clean water for at least 4 hours in tank of sufficient size immediately before use .
⦁ check bonding of  cross wall with long wall.
⦁ check that the brick courses are in level.

⦁ the thickness of joint in brick masonry should not exceed 1 cm .
⦁ check general  quality of work with reference to lines,level thickness of the joint .
⦁ half cut bricks shall not be allowed except at joint .
⦁ check the quality of brick with specific reference to
                    strength
                    water absorption
                    size

⦁ check the quality of sand in mortar .
⦁ check the arrangement of curing.
⦁ the curing shall be carried out for a minimum period of one week .
⦁ whether joint of brick are filled with mortar fully,check especially vertical joints.
    

Difference Between Civil Site Engineer and Site Supervisor

Difference Between Civil Site Engineer and Site Supervisor

Site engineer 
                A site engineer is a part of the site management team,and takes some of the responsibility for security,health and safety .site engineer mark out the site make sure designs and applied correctly and lise with main and sub contractor and the site manager .

                    site engineer depends on the type of work involved .

⦁ Calculating the quantity of  material.
⦁ Resolving technical issues.
⦁ Quality control.
⦁ Preparing record drawings technical reports, site diary .
⦁ supervision and counselling junior .
⦁ tracking up the material wastage.
⦁ measurement and valuation .
⦁ checking material and work in progress.
⦁ setting out the work .

  site supervisor

             The role of supervisor generally involves the management and supervision of a construction site in accordance with health and safety guidelines the site supervisor will typically work closely with the site foreman, who is responsible for organising construction work on site and report to the project manager .

               site supervisor depend on the types of work involved .

⦁ supervising the labour .
⦁ Monitoring the work .
⦁ Monitor progress, oversee the delivery of materials .
⦁ Responsibility of supervising the whole site .
⦁ study the drawings and execute the work .
⦁ Ensure that work done safely .
⦁ oversee operation .

AAC Block Vs Red bricks :How to Make the Right Choice!

 AAC Block Vs Red bricks :How to Make the Right Choice!

 
AAC Block 

    Autoclaved aerated concrete is light weight durable building product. AAC block is light weight and compare to the red bricks.

       Raw material

   It is manufactured through a reaction of aluminium powder and cement fly ash ,lime and sand etc.

  ADVANTAGES 

⦁ AAC block are light weight building material .
⦁ AAC block are very easy to handle and ordinary tools can be used for cutting. the AAC block are perfect in shape and size.
⦁ AAC block can be used to building both internal and external walls.
⦁ sound proof in nature .

⦁ less labour are required .the speed of work will be double than that of the brick work.
⦁ AAC block are recommended for high-rise building ,because it educed to total dead load .
⦁ require less mortar due to even surface & less number of joints.
⦁ AAC blocks masonry requires less curing , hence less water and less electricity are required .
⦁ 1 cum block work cost is (around INR 3150/ -in india )
⦁ steel saving up to 18% & concrete saving up to 9 %
⦁ The AAC Block have a compressive strength of an average 3 , 4.5 N/mm3 ( natural dry density 550-650 Kg/m3 )
⦁ AAC Block conduction of heat is high in comparison to clay and Brick.
⦁ they are also easy to transport especially when they have to be carried to the upper floors.

    DISADVANTAGES

⦁ Plaster sometimes does not stick properly because of its smooth surface.
⦁ The production cost per unit for AAC block is higher .

     RED BRICKS

Red brick is small block ,made of clay it is used in masonry construction material in creating different  structure such as ,Building ,foundation,bridges ,flooring , external walls etc.

     RAW MATERIAL

    Red brick are made from a mixture of  clay, sand , lime or magnesia etc.

 ADVANTAGES

⦁ Very low maintenance cost is required.
⦁ Reusable and recyclable .
⦁ Compressive strength of brick is good
⦁ weight of Red brick is  -----------3.5 to 4.00kg
                                    first  class brick
                                      size - L - 9
                                                H- 3
                                               W-4.5  (inch)
⦁ water absorption of first class brick is 12 to 15 %
⦁ Red brick are used load bearing and non-load bearing walls.
⦁ 1 cum brick cost is lower (2700/in India )

   DISADVANTAGES

⦁ Labour cost are very high.
⦁ rough surfaces of bricks may cause molds growth if it is not properly cleaned .
⦁ requires more mortar.

BASIC KNOWLEDGE FOR CIVIL ENGINEER STUDENT OR FRESH CIVIL ENGINEER OR SUPERVISOR

BASIC KNOWLEDGE FOR CIVIL ENGINEER STUDENT OR FRESH CIVIL ENGINEER OR SUPERVISOR 

Q 1 , What the step involved in Building Construction ?
Ans , there are different steps are involved in Building Construction like,

• Concreting
• Masonry work
• Plastering work
• Flooring work 
• Form work
• Steel cutting and bending 

Q 2 ,   How to check level on construction site ?
Ans  , I will check level on construction site by Leveling pipe,Dumpy level,Spirit level

Q3 ,   which is the equation used for calculating unit weight of steel bar ?
Ans ,

•   In meter (D2/162)
•   in feet (D2/533)

Q4 ,What is the size of concrete cube ?
Ans , 15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm

Q5 , What is Unit weight of RCC?
Ans , 2500 kg/M3

Q6 , ONE square meter ----sq.ft ?
Ans 10.76 sa.ft

Q7, Which Test is conducted to determine the bearing capacity of Soil ?
Ans , Plate Load Test .

q8 , What does 33,43 and 53-grades of cement mean ?
Ans . 33,43,53 are characteristic compressive strength  of Cement in N/mm2

Q9, Types of Load on structure ?
Ans , There are different type of load on structure

•  Dead Load 
• Live Load 
• Wind Load 
• Snow Load 
• Seismic Load 

Q10 , What is DPC full form ?
 Ans , Damp Proof Course

unit conversion

             
                                             Unit Conversion 

LINEAR MEASURE
12 inch                               1 foot                             
3 feet                                  1 yard
10 mm                                1 centimeter
10 centimeters               1 decimeter
10 decimeter                   1 meter
10 meter                          1 decameter
10 decameter                 1 hectometer
10 hectometer              1 kilometer
100 cm                               1 m
1 inch                                 8 soot
1 inch                                 25.4 mm

SQUARE MEASURE

144 square inches          1 square feet
9 square feet                   1 square yard
100 sq.millimeter          1 sq.centimeter
100 sq.centimeter         1 sq.decimeter
100 sq.decimeter           1 sq.meter
100 sq.meter                    1 sq.decameter
100 sq .decameter          1 sq.hectometer
100 sq.hectometer        1 sq.kilometer

CUBIC MEASURE

1 cubic meter                35.314
27 cubic feet                 1 cubic yard
1728 cubic inch            1 cubic foot
1000 cu.millimeter     1 cu centimeter
1000 cu.centimeter     1 cu decimeter
1000 cu.decimeter      1 cu.meter

 WEIGHTS

10 milligrams               1 centigram
10 centigrams                1 decigram
10 decigrams                   1 gram
10  grams                          1 decagram
10 decagrams                1 hectogram
10 hectogrames            1 kilogram
100 killogrames           1 quintal
10 quaintals                   1 ton



liner measurement 
1 kilometer       1000 meter
1 kilometer        0.62 mile
1 meter              100 centimeter
1 meter              3.28 feet
1 meter              1.093 yard
1 centimeter      10 milimeter
1 centimeter       0.393 inch
1 yard                 3 feet
1 mile                  5280 feet
1 meter              0.001 kilometer
1 centimeter       0.01 meter
1 foot                 0.305 meter
1 yard                 0.914 meter
1 millimeter        0.10 centimeter
1 inch                  2.54 centimeter
1 feet                   0.333 yard
1 foot                   0.00019 mile

convert killometer to feet or m2 to ft2

                                                          CONVERSION

                                                 Killometer          TO         FEET


Example ;-
                                 convert 40 into feet ?
    Sol;-
                                remember 1 km =3.281
                              and 1 km         =  1000 meter
                    S0 1 km = 3.281 x 1000 =3281 feet
                     or 1 km= 3281feet

   Now we know
                                        40 KM = 40 x 3281 = 131240 feet
                                         so      40 km = 131240 feet

                                                       Convert

                                          m2 to ft2 (meter squre to squre feet)

   Example;-
                                      Lets convert 200 m2 into ft2
Sol;- 
                                       Remember 1 meter = 3.281 feet
                                 so if we take square then 1 m2  =3.281ft2
   finally
                               200 x 3.2812 = 2152.9922 ft2
                                                         200 m2 = 2152.9922 ft2
                                         
                          for vedio click here   https://youtu.be/nineIqthrhM